diff --git a/src/lib/rate-limiter.test.ts b/src/lib/rate-limiter.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14a0246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/rate-limiter.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+import { RateLimiter } from './rate-limiter'
+
+describe('RateLimiter.throttle', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers()
+    vi.setSystemTime(new Date(0))
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.useRealTimers()
+  })
+
+  it('returns null when the window is saturated for medium priority', async () => {
+    const limiter = new RateLimiter({
+      maxRequests: 1,
+      windowMs: 1000,
+      retryDelay: 10,
+      maxRetries: 2
+    })
+    const fn = vi.fn(async () => 'ok')
+
+    await limiter.throttle('key', fn, 'medium')
+    const result = await limiter.throttle('key', fn, 'medium')
+
+    expect(result).toBeNull()
+    expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+
+  it('bounds high-priority retries without recursion when the window is saturated', async () => {
+    const limiter = new RateLimiter({
+      maxRequests: 1,
+      windowMs: 1000,
+      retryDelay: 10,
+      maxRetries: 3
+    })
+    const fn = vi.fn(async () => 'ok')
+
+    await limiter.throttle('key', fn, 'high')
+
+    const spy = vi.spyOn(limiter, 'throttle')
+    let resolved: unknown = 'pending'
+    const pending = limiter.throttle('key', fn, 'high').then(result => {
+      resolved = result
+      return result
+    })
+
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(30)
+    await pending
+
+    expect(resolved).toBeNull()
+    expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/lib/rate-limiter.ts b/src/lib/rate-limiter.ts
index 3f17ebe..e761def 100644
--- a/src/lib/rate-limiter.ts
+++ b/src/lib/rate-limiter.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ interface RateLimitConfig {
   maxRequests: number
   windowMs: number
   retryDelay: number
+  maxRetries?: number
 }
 
 interface RequestRecord {
@@ -9,14 +10,15 @@ interface RequestRecord {
   count: number
 }
 
-class RateLimiter {
+export class RateLimiter {
   private requests: Map<string, RequestRecord> = new Map()
   private config: RateLimitConfig
 
   constructor(config: RateLimitConfig = {
     maxRequests: 5,
     windowMs: 60000,
-    retryDelay: 2000
+    retryDelay: 2000,
+    maxRetries: 3
   }) {
     this.config = config
   }
@@ -26,13 +28,13 @@ class RateLimiter {
     fn: () => Promise<T>,
     priority: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high' = 'medium'
   ): Promise<T | null> {
-    const maxHighPriorityRetries = 5
-    let retryCount = 0
-    let record: RequestRecord | undefined
+    const maxRetries = this.config.maxRetries ?? 3
+    let attempts = 0
 
     while (true) {
       const now = Date.now()
-      record = this.requests.get(key)
+      const record = this.requests.get(key)
+      let isLimited = false
 
       if (record) {
         const timeElapsed = now - record.timestamp
@@ -40,17 +42,10 @@ class RateLimiter {
         if (timeElapsed < this.config.windowMs) {
           if (record.count >= this.config.maxRequests) {
             console.warn(`Rate limit exceeded for ${key}. Try again in ${Math.ceil((this.config.windowMs - timeElapsed) / 1000)}s`)
-
-            if (priority === 'high' && retryCount < maxHighPriorityRetries) {
-              retryCount++
-              await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, this.config.retryDelay))
-              continue
-            }
-
-            return null
+            isLimited = true
+          } else {
+            record.count++
           }
-
-          record.count++
         } else {
           this.requests.set(key, { timestamp: now, count: 1 })
         }
@@ -58,26 +53,35 @@ class RateLimiter {
         this.requests.set(key, { timestamp: now, count: 1 })
       }
 
-      break
-    }
+      this.cleanup()
 
-    this.cleanup()
-
-    try {
-      return await fn()
-    } catch (error) {
-      if (error instanceof Error && (
-        error.message.includes('502') || 
-        error.message.includes('Bad Gateway') ||
-        error.message.includes('429') ||
-        error.message.includes('rate limit')
-      )) {
-        console.error(`Gateway error for ${key}:`, error.message)
-        if (record) {
-          record.count = this.config.maxRequests
+      if (isLimited) {
+        if (priority === 'high' && attempts < maxRetries) {
+          attempts += 1
+          await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, this.config.retryDelay))
+          continue
         }
+
+        return null
+      }
+
+      try {
+        return await fn()
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof Error && (
+          error.message.includes('502') || 
+          error.message.includes('Bad Gateway') ||
+          error.message.includes('429') ||
+          error.message.includes('rate limit')
+        )) {
+          console.error(`Gateway error for ${key}:`, error.message)
+          const updatedRecord = this.requests.get(key)
+          if (updatedRecord) {
+            updatedRecord.count = this.config.maxRequests
+          }
+        }
+        throw error
       }
-      throw error
     }
   }